Anaesthetic
An anaesthetic is given so that you do not feel any pain during surgery. There are different types of anaesthetic and the anaesthetist will advise which one is best for you.
What types of anaesthetic are there?
Anaesthetics can be given in various ways and do not always make you unconscious.
- A local anaesthetic uses a drug that numbs a small part of your body. It is usually injected and will sting for a few seconds at first. You stay conscious but free from pain.
- A regional anaesthetic uses an injection of local anaesthetic to numb a larger or deeper part of your body, for example an arm or a leg. The most common regional anaesthetics (also known as regional ‘blocks’) are spinal and epidural anaesthetics. They involve injections in the back to remove feeling from the waist down. You stay conscious but free from pain. Epidurals may be used during and/or after surgery for pain relief.
- A general anaesthetic gives a state of controlled unconsciousness. It is essential for many operations. You are unconscious and feel nothing.
How is the choice of anaesthetic made?
Your anaesthetist will meet you before your operation. Your general health will be assessed and you will be asked questions about any medicines you are taking and whether you have any allergies. Bring into hospital with you all the pills, medicines, herbal remedies or supplements you are taking, both prescribed and those that you have purchased over the counter.
The anaesthetist will discuss with you which types of anaesthetic can be used and the benefits, risks and your preferences. Nothing will happen to you until you understand and agree with what has been planned for you. You have the right to refuse if you do not want the treatment suggested.
The choice of anaesthetic will depend on:
- your operation
- your answers to the questions you have been asked
- your physical condition
- your preferences and the reasons for them
- your anaesthetist’s recommendations for you and the reasons behind them
- the equipment, staff and other resources at your hospital.
If you are having a local or regional anaesthetic, you may also need to decide whether you would prefer to:
- be fully alert
- be relaxed and sleepy (sedated)
- combine a local or regional anaesthetic with a general anaesthetic.
What are the risks of having an anaesthetic?
In modern anaesthesia, serious problems are uncommon. Risk cannot be removed completely, but modern equipment, training and drugs have made it a much safer procedure in recent years.
Find out more about the risks, complications and side effects of anaesthetic.